Ihram Rules Explained
Ihram is the state a pilgrim enters before Umrah, marked by an intention at the miqat and, for men, two unstitched cloths. From that moment a short list of things is prohibited until the rites are complete. Knowing the list removes most of the anxiety first-timers feel.
Entering ihram
Bathe if possible, put on the ihram garments (men) or modest clothing (women), pray if time allows, and make the intention for Umrah at or before the miqat. Recite the talbiyah. Flights to Jeddah cross the miqat in the air; be in ihram before then.
What is prohibited
- Cutting hair or nails.
- Using perfume or scented products.
- For men: stitched clothing and covering the head.
- For women: covering the face with cloth touching it, and gloves, by most opinions.
- Hunting.
- Marriage contracts and intimacy.
- Arguing and foul language.
What is allowed
- Bathing and changing ihram cloths.
- Unscented soap and toothpaste.
- Sunglasses, umbrellas, watches, belts and bags.
- Medication.
- Sleeping under a blanket without covering the head (men).
If a rule is broken
Unintentional breaches are generally forgiven with no penalty. Deliberate breaches of certain rules require a fidyah: fasting three days, feeding six poor people, or sacrificing a sheep, depending on the rule. Ask a scholar or your group leader for the specific case.
Leaving ihram
After sa'i, men shave or shorten the hair and women cut a fingertip's length. Ihram ends and all restrictions lift.